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Media literacy

MEDIA LITERACY
Introduction

The Internet and other Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are now a part of daily life for many Europeans. However, their effectiveness is hampered by citizens' levels of media literacy and eSkills (see definitions in box 1), which are surprisingly low. Recent studies by Eurostat show that on average 37% of Europeans have no basic ICT skills. Indications from numerous studies indicate that such relatively low levels of media literacy (including digital literacy) could seriously affect Europe's future socio-economic prospects.

"Media Literacy may be defined as the ability to access, analyse and evaluate the power of images, sounds and messages which we are now being confronted with on a daily basis and are an important part of our contemporary culture, as well as to communicate competently in media available on a personal basis. Media literacy relates to all media, including television and film, radio and recorded music, print media, the Internet and other new digital communication technologies".

Safety issues

  • Technical threats: low levels of media literacy can put users at risk of technical threats such as spyware, viruses, hacking, worms, browser parasites or hijackers, and Trojan horses when using computers.
  • Content: media literacy is an essential competency, particularly when evaluating information sources for factual accuracy and/or bias. Without such skills, people risk trusting dubious sources of information.
  • Contact: lack of skill and understanding of issues around privacy increases the risk of unwanted contact with others.
  • Theft: those who are not skilled in using media may find themselves vulnerable to credit card fraud (due to inputting details in non-secured payment systems), theft of virtual goods, and even theft of media tools themselves (e.g. mobile phones, laptops)

Statistics

  • 37% of Europeans have no computer skills whatsoever. Source: Eurostat

  • 78% of children aged between 12 to 15 in the UK feel that news programmes are true either always or most of the time. Source: OFCOM

  • Only 25% of students in higher education create web pages. Source: Educause

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Advice

 
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